The Runtime Theory
mediumLeetCode#trie#backtracking#wildcard

Design Add and Search Words Data Structure

Support adding words and searching a pattern where a dot can match any one character.

The Runtime Theory Team25 min read
Solve it

Solving happens on the judge — come back and mark it done

Sample cases

inadd("bad"), add("dad"), search("pad"), search("bad"), search(".ad"), search("b..")

out[false,true,true,true]

insearch("") before any insertion

outfalse

inadd("a"), search(".")

outtrue

Support adding words and searching a pattern where a dot can match any one character.

A good solution should

  • State the invariant or decision rule that makes the approach correct.
  • Explain the time and space complexity in terms of the input sizes and required output.
  • Handle empty, minimal, duplicate, and boundary-shaped inputs covered by the contract.

Reasoning prompt

A literal follows one trie edge; a wildcard branches across child edges. Bound branching using pattern length and trie structure.

Use the linked judge for the canonical problem. The examples above are compact TRT checks; write additional cases before submitting, especially for the boundary that tends to break your chosen invariant.

More practice in this topic

One dispatch a week

The trace behind each problem, the tradeoff that explains it, and one technical dispatch per week — no noise.

One technical dispatch per week. No noise.

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